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Content Published October 6, 2016

A demonstration to trigger Article 50, which would initiate the process of Britain leaving the EU, Boston, Lincolnshire, 2019.

The invocation of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union marked the formal beginning of the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union, commonly known as Brexit. On March 29, 2017, then Prime Minister Theresa May triggered the article by sending a letter to Donald Tusk, the President of the European Council, notifying the EU of the UK's intention to withdraw. This action followed the 2016 referendum, where 51.9% of UK voters opted to leave the EU, driven by concerns over sovereignty, economic control, and immigration.

Article 50, introduced under the Lisbon Treaty, provided a mechanism for a member state to leave the EU voluntarily. Once invoked, it set a two-year negotiation period, unless extended by mutual agreement for the departing state and the EU to agree on withdrawal terms and outline their future relationship. For the UK, this meant a deadline of March 29, 2019, to finalize the process, though delays and complexities later extended this timeline.

Theresa May’s decision to invoke Article 50 came after months of legal and political wrangling, including a Supreme Court ruling that required parliamentary approval. The notification letter outlined the UK’s intent to pursue an "orderly withdrawal" and establish a "deep and special partnership" with the EU post-Brexit. However, the process quickly became contentious. Negotiations proved challenging, with key issues like the Irish border, citizens' rights, and the financial settlement fueling uncertainty.

The two-year period saw intense political turbulence in the UK. May’s draft withdrawal agreement, finalised in November 2018, faced backlash for being too soft on EU ties, leading to her resignation in July 2019. Her successor, Boris Johnson, renegotiated the deal, and after further extensions beyond the original deadline, the UK officially left the EU on January 31, 2020, entering a transition period until December 31, 2020. The invocation of Article 50, while a procedural step, became a lightning rod for broader debates about democracy, identity, and governance in Britain.

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Content Published September 16, 2016

Farm workers harvesting cabbages during a rain storm near Sibsey, Lincolnshire. Leafy vegetables like cabbages, kale and cauliflower are pulled in the early winter when the first frosts come. Known as the Brassica season, much of the working day is spent in the wet and cold.

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Content Published September 13, 2016

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted.

A caravan in a Lincolnshire field,UK

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Content Published September 13, 2016

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Migrant workers from Eastern Europe hoeing the fields in Norfolk,UK.

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Content Published September 13, 2016

Antek, Denisa and Vendula, seasonal workers from the Czech Republic picking stones and hoeing weeds in the brassica fields of South Lincolnshire. Needing the application of the eye to determine between crop and invasive plants it is one of the few agricultural tasks that has yet to be mechanised or automated.

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Content Published July 5, 2016

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted

?Si Barber/07739 472 922 Grafitti in public toilets in Leverton,Lincs

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Content Published January 18, 2016

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted.

?Si Barber/07739 472 922 Britannia pub on Church Street, Boston, Lincs,UK.

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Content Published January 18, 2016

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted.

?Si Barber/07739 472 922 Britannia pub on Church Street, Boston, Lincs,UK.

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Content Published January 6, 2015

Photograph by Si Barber

Cheerio Me Ducks cafe, on the A17, near Sleaford,Lincolnshire

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Content Published January 6, 2015

©Si Barberb Moral rights asserted

Cheerio Me Ducks cafe, on the A17, near Sleaford,Lincolnshire

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Content Published October 28, 2014

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted

Married country music fans, Boston,Lincolnshire,UK .

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Content Published October 28, 2014

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted

Married country music fans, Boston,Lincolnshire,UK .

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Content Published December 17, 2013

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted.

Farm Cafe Truckstop on Washway Rd, Lincs.

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Content Published November 11, 2013

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Shops selling east European products in Boston, Lincolnshire,UK

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Content Published January 28, 2013

©Si Barber. Moral rights asserted.

? Si Barber 07739 472 922 Boston market place, Lincolnshire,UK

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Content Published February 1, 2011

Early morning shift change at Superflora on Washway Road, Fleet Hargate, Lincolnshire. The company which supplies flowers in bulk to supermarkets and wholesalers around the UK is a major employer in the area and part of the Dutch Flower Group, a significant player in the global floriculture industry.

The Dutch played a foundational role in shaping the flower trade in South Lincolnshire, particularly through their expertise in land reclamation, which over several hundred years brought employment and skills to the local economy.

In the 17th century, engineer Cornelius Vermuyden led drainage projects in the Fens, transforming the marshy expanse into fertile land with silt soils. This reclamation, continued by Philibert Vernatti, created the conditions for agriculture, including flower growing, by providing well-drained, nutrient-rich ground ideal for bulbs like tulips.

The Dutch model of fenland management didn’t just alter the landscape,it brought a mindset of precision agriculture to Britain. By the late 19th century, their influence deepened as farmers across the country looked to the Netherlands thriving bulb trade for inspiration.

The introduction of the Darwin Tulip around 1890, a Dutch-bred variety prized as a cut flower, spurred experimentation with forcing bulbs under glass—a technique borrowed from Holland's growers. The Fens eventually emerged as a rival to Holland, with production peaking in the early 20th century, when over a third of Britain’s bulbs came from the area.

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